Learning to write with the fluid rope trick
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Abstract
The rapid evolution of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled new manufacturing capabilities1,2 and allowed for the creation of complex patterns via the additive deposition of complex materials through a computer-controlled nozzle. However, the ultimate limits on print quality are imposed by the rheodynamics of the printed material that is a function of material rheology and the ability to design robust print paths for the nozzle. Defects in printing typically arise in non-uniformly extruded/deposited material and instabilities such as folding and coiling of fluid jets.3 A simple protocol to prevent these defects follows by forcing the nozzle trajectory to exactly mimic the target print pattern from a very small height offset.